Cooling at more realistic rates usually results in one or more components being trapped in the “wrong” place in a lattice or in areas where two lattices that grew separately intersect. Even if a substance were 100% pure, forming a perfect crystal would require cooling the liquid phase infinitely slowly to allow all atoms, ions, or molecules to find their proper positions.It is impossible to obtain any substance in 100% pure form.These defects occur for three main reasons: (typically more than 10 4 per milligram), ranging from variable amounts of impurities to missing or misplaced atoms or ions. In contrast, real crystals contain large numbers of defects Errors in an idealized crystal lattice. The crystal lattices we have described represent an idealized, simplified system that can be used to understand many of the important principles governing the behavior of solids. To understand the origin and nature of defects in crystals.
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